BIBLE KAN NEIH DAN

    A ziak dan :

Kan Bible-a lehkhabu chi hrang hrang 66 infinkhawmte hi, mi thiam tuten emaw an finna hmanga an ziak a ni satliah mai lova. Kum 1600 chhung vel mi hrang hrang 40 velin hun hrang hranga an ziak a ni. Bible-a lehkhabu hmasa ber ziaktu, Mosia hian 1500 BC lai vel khan Pathian thawkkhumna hnuaiah alo ziak a, Apostol Johana chuan a hnena Pathian inlarna famkim chu AD 97 velah khan a ziak bawk a ni. Pathianin mi chi hrang hrang, Beram Vengtute, lalte, puithiamte, zawlneite, lo neitute, sangha mantute, damdawi lam thiamte, chhiahkhawntute, dan hre mi leh zirtirtute a thu ziak tur hian a hmang a. Chutiang chuan mi hrang hrangten hun hrang hrang leh hmun hrang hrang a kum tamtak chhung an ziak ni mahse hruaitu ropui tak, Thlarau Thianghlim hruaina hnuaia ziak anih avangin thil diklo, thu inkalh leh fel lo Bible-ah hian a awm lo a ni.

Thuthlung Hlui lam hi Hebrai tawng  ziak a ni ber a, amaherawhchu heng: Jeremia 10:11; Daniela 2:4-7:28 leh Ezra 4:8 – 6:18 te hi chu Aramic tawngin an ziak thung a ni. Tin, Thuthlung Thar bu lam hi Greek tawnga ziak a ni a. Hemi a nih avang hian theology zirtute chuan atira Bible ziahna, tawng bul hi an zir tel deuh zela. Hebrai tawng chuan tihte, Greek tawng chuan tihte a ngaih fona chhan chu atira Bible an ziakna tawng a nih vang mai a ni. Heng Hebrai leh Greek tawngte hi khawvel hnam tawng pakhat ve mai a ni a, tawng tha chungchuang a ni bik chuang lo a ni.

Bible hi Pathian thawkkhuma ziak a ni:

Bible hi mihring atanga lo piang chhuak a ni mai lo va, Pathian atanga lo chhuak a ni. Chumi Pathian atanga lo chuak a nihna tak chu thawkkhum anihna chu a ni. Bible ngei hian, “Pathian lehkha thu zawng zawng hi Pathian thawkkhuma pek a ni,” tiin a sawi a (II Tim. 3:16). Heta Pathian thawkkhum, tih hi Greek tawng chuan “Theopneutos” (Thiaw-nius-taws) tiin a sawi a, a awmzia chu “Pathian thawk chhuah,”  tihna a ni. Mihring ka atanga thaw lo chhuak riin thu a sawi angin, Pathian lehkha thute hi Pathian atanga lo chhuak thu ngei chu a ni. Petera chuan Pathianin a thu puangchhuak tura a thawkkhum dan hetiang hian a sawi a ni. “Thu hrilhlawk reng reng hi mihring thua chhuak a ni ngai si lo va, miten Thlarau Thianghlim tirhin Pathian hnen ata an sawi zawk thin,” tiin (II Pet. 1:21)

William Evans-an a lehkhabu ziak, Great Doctrines of the Bible-ah chuan thawkkhum tih zirtirna hi tawi fel leh awmze nei takin hetiang hian a ziak a, a dik hmel hle a ni:

“Pathian mi thianghlim, Thlarau chhunkhaha awmte chuan Pathian thupek ang thlapa an ziah avangin, thutak an hriat tawh thin a ni emaw, nilo emaw a lem chuang lo, adik lo thei lo a ni,” tiin.

Thuthlung Hlui bu Canon a nih dan :

‘Canon’ tih hi Greek tawng atanga lak a ni a, a awmzia chu ‘tehna luang tiang’ emaw ‘tehna thirtiang’ tihna a ni. Pathian Lehkha lam sawina atana hman anih chuan “Bible-a tel tura lehkhabu pawm chin” tihna a ni mai. Pathian Lehkhabu a tel tura lehkhabu an tehna hmanrua ber pakhat chu Pathian thawkkhum ngeia ziak leh thutak pawm tlak a ni em? Tih hi a ni.

Canon tih tawngkam hiThuthlung Thar huna hman tan chauh a ni a, mahse Pathian thawkkhum lehkhabu lo awm tawhte chu Israel chanchin atanga chhui kirin an pawm (recognize) mai a ni. Thuthlung lehkhabute an lak khawm dan chu hetiang hi a ni: Tuna Thuthlung Hlui bu 39 kan neihte bakah pawh hian Apocrypha (Apokrifa) bute leh bu dang dangte nen bu 73 lai mai lakkhawm a ni a. AD 90-ah khan Juda hoten Jaminia khuaah inkhawmpui an nei a, tuna kan Bible ami Genesis atanga Malakia thleng bu 39 chin zawng hi an pawm a, a dang zawng chu an hnawl ta a ni. Heng lehkhabu Judate’n an lo pawm hote hi Kohhran alo ding hnua Thuthlugn Hlui bu Canon a nih lai pawhin an pawm zui ta a ni.

Thuthlung Thar bu Canon a nih dan :

Thuthlung Thar bu Canon anih lai hian Pathian thawkkhum, thutak pawm tlak a ni tur a ni tih chu tehfung awmsa ni mahse thawkkhum han tihah pawh ngaihdan a phirsi theih avangin, tehfung pawimawh tak tak pathum an nei a, chungte chu hengte hi an ni:

1) Apostolte emaw an kaihhruaite emaw ziak a ni ngei tur a ni. Chanchin Tha Luka ziak leh Tirhkihte Thiltih chu a ziaktu Luka chu Paula nen an thawh dunna ngaihtuahin an pawm a, Marka pawh Petera leh Paulate nen an thawh hona ngaihtuahin a Chanchin Tha ziak chu an paw a ni a. Matthaia leh Johanate chu Apostol an nih avangin an Chanchin Tha ziak chu an pawm nghal a ni.

2) Apostolte hunlai atanga kohhran tamtak ten an pawm leh Pathian biakna atana an hman a ni tur a ni.

3) A bu chhung thu chu pawmtlak leh innghahna tlak a ni tur a ni.

Thuthlung Hlui nena inla lawn, Isua Krista Chanchin Tha zirtirna laipui, kohhranten an humhalh lai zui anih loh chuan tu ziak pawh nise an hnawl mai a ni.

Bible bung leh chang then thu:

Thuthlung Hlui lam ziakna Hebrai tawng hi a tirah chuan vowel (a,e, i, o, u ang chi) tel lo, consonant ringawta ziak a ni a, Hebrai hote hian vowel hawrawp an nei lo a, thumal hrang hrangte then hranna pawh awm lovin an ziak zawm put mai a, chhiar a har em em a ni. Jehova tih hming pawh hi mawl tein ‘JHVH’ tiin an ziak mai a ni. Massorete – hoten Hebrai vowel an siam chhuah hnu, tlai khaw hnuah a tulna hmun niawm laiah vowel hi an zep tel ta a ni. Chutiang bawk chuan Thuthlung Thar bu lam pawh hithen fel awm lova inzawm deuh put tho mai a ni a. Bible lama mithiam leh taima ten a bung leh chang siamin tuna kan hman ang hian an lo siam chhuak ta a ni.

Kan Bible-ah hian bung 1189 a awm a, hei hi Stephan Langdon-a AD.1227-a thi tain a ruahman nia hriat a ni a.A tir lamah thenkhat chuan Cardinal Sancto-a, AD 1263-a thi ta khan a ruahman niin an ngaia. Mahse Stephan Langdon-a siam ngei niin tun thlengin rin a nit a zawk a ni. Heng Bible bungte hi Latin Concordance buatsaihna atana then a ni a. A bung then hlawm thenkhatte hi chu duhthu a sam lo hle a, mahse lehlin dang zelah pawh pawm a ni chho ta zel a ni.

Kan Bible-ah hian chang 31,163 a awm a, heng change hi Sir Robert Stevens-an AD 1550-a a then a ni a. Geneva Bible AD 1560 kuma an chhut chu Bible chang awmna an chhut hmasak ber a ni.

Bible bu hmasa leh lehlin hmasate:

Kutziak lehkhabu (Manuscripts):  A tirah chuanBible hi savun lehkha sei pui pui maiah ziak a ni a, chu chu dah that awlsam turin thing mumin an s=zial mai thin a, hei hi “Manuscript” an ti a, a awmzia chu ‘Kut lawng ziak’ tihna a ni. Heng kutziak lehkhabua Pathian thu ziak chhawngtute hi “Lehkhaziaktu” (Scribe) an ti a ni. Savun lehkha siam nan hian kel vunte, bawng vunte (sa thiang chi ho vun) an hmang thin a ni. Hun alo kal zeal, mihring an lo fing tial tial a, phairuang hnim chi khat, papyrus pil hmangin lehkha siam dan an lo hre chhuak ta zel a, Pathian lehkhabu siam dan pawh a changkang chho ve hret hret zel a ni. Heng savun lehkha zial chite hi ‘Lehkha zial’ (Scroll) tia hriat lar a ni. Hebrai kutziakbu an ziah chhawnnaah hian Juda lehkhaziaktute chu theihtawpin an fimkhur a ni. Kutziakbu thar zelte chu Kutziakbu a dik ngei a ni tih pawm tawh, sathing vuna hlo tui tha bik chia an ziak tawh sa entawn zeal siam tur a ni a. Thumal tin an ziah dawnin a ziaktuten ring takin thumal an ziah tur chu an chhiar hmasa phawt thin a, a chhan chu thumal pakhat mah anmahniin an lo hriat belh tawh sa hmangin an ziak tur a ni lo.

Bible Manuscript

Pathian hming aiawh atana an hman thin engpawh an ziak dawnin an pen chu zah takin an hru fai hmasa phawt zel tur a ni a, ‘Jehova’ tih hming an ziak dawn phei chuan an pumin an inbual fai hmasa phawt zel tur a ni. Chutianga an ziah zawh hlimte chu a tira bu (Original) nen fimkhur takin an en mil a, hawrawp pakhat lek ziak sual palh alo awm pawhin a bu pumpui chu an hnawl mai thin. Chutiang khawpa lehkhaziaktute an fimkhur thin avang hian Kutziak lehkhabute hi chu sual lo tluka ngaih a ni.

Sptuagint hawrawp

Septuagint: Thuthlung Hlui bu hi 277 BC lai velah khan mi thiam (scholar) sawmsarih rual ten Aigupta rama Alexandria khuaah  Greek tawngon an letling a, hei hi tawng danga Thuthlung Hlui lehlin hmasa ber a ni. Hemi Greek twang Thuthlung Hlui bu an lehlin hi ‘Septuagint’ tia hriat lar a nit a a. Latin tawng ‘Septuaginta’  tih chu ‘Sawmsarih’ tihna a ni a, heta tang hian ‘Septuagint’ tih hi a lo kal ni a hriat a ni. Roman number a sawmsarih ‘LXX’ hi Septuagint Version sawina atan pawh hman thin a ni a, hei hi a chhan chu he lehlin hna thawktu mi Sawmsarih pahnih an nih vanga a hming atan pawh hmang mai an ni. Septuagint hi zau taka thehdarh alo ni ta a, hun lo kal zelah lehlinna tamtak chuan behchhan atan an hmang ta a ni.

Septuagint ah hian Bible chhunga lehkhabu hrang hrang hming kan hriat lar tak takte hi hman thin a ni a, a bu indawta an lo siam pawh chu atira Hebrai ho kutziak bun en danglam mahse tun thlengin zui zel a ni ta a ni.

Vulgate: Thuthlug Hlui bu chu Septuagint version leh Thuthlung Thar bu Greek tawng original chu Latin tawngin AD kum zabi 2-na velah khan an letling leh a, chu chu ‘Vulgate’ an ti a, a awmzia chu ‘ti tlanglawn’ emaw ‘Vantlang hman tura siam’ tihna a ni. He lehlin hi North Africa-ah siam a ni a, kum zabi 4-na lai velah khan hetih hunlaia lehkhathiam ropui ni a an sawi Jerome-an a ennawn a. Kum sangkhat chhung zet chu Catholic Kohhranten he Vulgate Bible hi an hman ber a ni. Mi naran chuan Latin tawng hi an chhiar thei lova, hruaituin mipui tan a chhiar mai thin a ni. Hun Thim (Dark Age) hun chhung zawng khan Pathin thu chu Latin tawng hmanga hren beh tlat a ni.

Anglo Saxon tawng lehlin hmasa ber: Anglo Saxon tawng hi AD 450-ah khan England ramah anmahni run tuten an rawn la lut a. Hetih lai hian Pathian thu chu Latin Vulgate kutziak Bible chauh a awm a, mithiam leh hausate tan bak neih theih anih si loh avangin, kum zabi pariatnaah khan Vunerable Bede-a, chutih laia mithiam hmingthang chuan Sam bu leh Chanchin Tha bute hi Anglo Saxon tawngin a letling a. AD 735-ah a thi ta a. A thih hnuah England lal Alfred Ropuia an tih chuan Bible pumpui Anglo Saxon twang lehlin siam chhuak turin thupek a siam a, an lehlin zawh hmu hman lovin Alexander Ropuia pawh hian a boralsan ve leh ta a ni.

England ram chu Norman hoten William Hnehtu-a (William the Conqueror) hovin AD 1066-ah khan an hneh a, chumi atang chuan sap tawng (English) hi an rawn hmang chho ta a, sakhaw rawngbawltu (Puithiam) te chawisanna ram alo ni ta a ni.

Sap tawng lehlin hmasa ber: Kum zabi 14-naah khan JohnWyclif-a (1330-1384), hetih hunlaia mithiam hmingthang leh Oxford-a lecturer hna thawktu chuan Bible pumpui hi Latin Vulgate atangin Sap tawng (English) in a letling a, hei hi sap tawng a Bible lehlin hmasa ber a ni. Chutiang kutziak bu chu 150 vel lai an siam chhuak a. John Wyclif-an Sap tawng Bible lehlin a siam hnuah hian Sap tawng lehlin dang leh tawng dang danga lehlin paw halo chhuah belh ta zel a ni.

Lehkha chhutna khawl (Printing Press) hmuhchhuah thu: Lehkha chhutna khawl (Printing Press) hi Europe ramah AD 1450-ah khan German mi, John Gutenberg-a (AD 1400-1468), Mainz khaw mi, Bible siam buaipuitu nia an sawi chuan a hmuchhuak ta hlauh mai a. He Printing Press hmuhchhuah hian Bible siam chhuahna kawngah nasa takin a tanpui a, Pathian lehkhabu theh darhna nasa takin a tipung ta a ni. Hemi hma lam hi chuan kutin an ziak chhawng mai thin a, ziak tam a har em em a ni. England ramah chuan Printing Press hi AD 1476 ah khan William Caxton-a (AD 1422-1491) chuan a hmang tan ta a, Thuthlung Hlui bu thenkhat chu Hebrai tawng chhut a ni ta a ni.

        

                                                                                     --- Excerpt from Kohhran Chanchin by Rev. R. Lalrinsanga